Mobile Computing

How can local government make savings and improve services?
If "Quantitative Easing" is out of the question, how can local councils cope with a burden of spending against limited ability to raise council taxes? This is the question going through the head of every local authority chief where they are trying to improve standards of services and cut spending.

We at Wireless Expertise estimate that the UK government can save up to £9 billion a year by making better use of mobile technology and flexible working practices.

The Mobile Data Association carried out a survey of 392 local authorities in England and Scotland and received responses from over 1,200 employees. 85 per cent of the respondents acknowledge that there is already a project in a pilot stage where their local authority is considering mobile and flexible working.

50 per cent of the respondents, however, felt that embarking into mobile had risks and were not confident about the success of their projects. More Details...

5g Wireless Architecture

Introduction
We are living in era of convergence. Convergence is merging of technologies, domain and discrete IT systems. Basic of convergence lies in Digitization. The digitization of everything is creating a more natural communications experience. Boundaries separating various technologies, engineering practices, functions etc. are dissolving. So tomorrow, our car, our mobile phone, our home security system, our office, all the systems that surround us, will communicate with each other automatically to fill our environment with our preferences and our need to feel connected anywhere, anytime and with anyone, across the world. This is called Ubiquitous Computing paradigm.

Wireless technologies are going to take taking new dimension in our lives. The wireless broadband will soon become readily available to everybody while, being at home, driving the car, sitting in the park, and even on a pleasure boat in the middle of a lake. And because of this, our need to have information at anytime and to be connected at all places, all the time, will be satisfied. The world of universal, uninterrupted access to information, entertainment and communication will open new dimension to our lives and change our life style significantly.

This article is presenting vision of 5G network architecture, explaining concept of Ubiquitous computing, Super Core and Evolution of managed services. More Details...

OFDM - Performance Analysis

Introduction
In 4G wireless communication systems, bandwidth is a precious commodity, and service providers are continuously met with the challenge of accommodating more users with in a limited allocated bandwidth. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is multicarrier modulation (MCM) technique which provides an efficient means to handle high-speed data streams on a multipath fading environment that causes ISI. To eliminate ISI a cyclic prefix is added. But this can decrease bandwidth (BW) efficiency greatly .To decrease the BW waste brought by adding CP , wavelet based OFDM is proposed due its excellent orthogonality between subcarriers and spectral containment. According to proposals of the IEEE 802.16.3, the PHY overhead for wavelet-based OFDM (DWT-OFDM) is less than that of Fourier based DFT-OFDM modulations, since it doesn't need CP. Traditionally, OFDM cyclic prefix of 20% or more are typical for wireless transmission thus giving Wavelet OFDM an advantage of roughly 20% in bandwidth (BW) efficiency. Also in the literature, proposed using a DCT rather than a DFT, to implement MCM, because of the bandwidth advantage a DCT- based system can achieve More Details...

CALEA and VOIP

Introduction
CALEA: Communications Assistance Law Enforcement Agency
In response to concerns that emerging technologies such as digital and wireless communications were making it increasingly difficult for law enforcement agencies to execute authorized surveillance, Congress enacted CALEA on October 25, 1994. CALEA was intended to preserve the ability of law enforcement agencies to conduct electronic surveillance by requiring that telecommunications carriers and manufacturers of telecommunications equipment modify and design their equipment, facilities, and services to ensure that they have the necessary surveillance capabilities. Common carriers, facilities-based broadband Internet access providers, and providers of interconnected Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) service - all three types of entities are defined to be "telecommunications carriers" for purposes of CALEA section 102, 47 U.S.C. § 1001 - must comply with the CALEA obligations set forth in CALEA section 103, 47 U.S.C. § 1002 More Details...

3G- Introduction, Evolution, Deployment Strategy

The primary objective of this research is to discuss about the 3rd Generation Wireless Networks, their evolution/migration from 2G and/or other pre-3G technologies to 3G Technology, Spectrum Allocation and Licensing Policies, and the deployment strategies involved. In this paper, 3G would be referred to as IMT-2000 systems in most of the places, the context of which would be provided in detail later in this paper.

Introduction/Evolution of Cellular Telephony
The First generation (1G) Cellular Mobile Services was developed with the invention of the microprocessor and the digitization of the control link between the cell phone and the cell site, in the late 1960s and early 1970s. These analog cellular systems were developed based on the Improved Mobile Telephone Service (IMTS)-a system which was launched by Bell Systems, in the 1960s with an aim to introduce direct dialing and higher bandwidth.

Second generation (2G) Cellular Mobile Systems was simply advancement over the First Generation Systems, when the analog systems got replaced with the Digital Systems. These systems digitized the control link as well as showed lots of improvements in the Voice Signal. They were developed during the end of 1980s. With this, achievement over better quality and higher capacity was introduced alongwith lower cost to consumers. Advanced security and roaming got introduced. The 2G systems (or so called Pre-IMT 2000 Networks) have been extensively deployed almost in the entire world and have evolved significantly over the years to offer improved performance and capabilities, especially for data services- introduced by EDGE, GPRS (so called 2.5G Networks). More Details...